MintPricedError coins and varieties: the basics
Sometimes the mint makes mistakes. Most error coins are caught and recycled before they leave the mint, so the few that reach circulation are collectible. But many coins that look “wrong” are simply damaged after they left the mint, and telling the two apart is the first skill to learn.
Errors vs varieties
- Errors are one-off production mistakes affecting single coins: an off-center strike, a coin struck twice, or a blank with a piece missing.
- Varieties come from a difference in the die itself, so every coin struck by that die shares it — for example a doubled die, where the design was impressed on the die twice slightly out of line.
Common types
- Off-center strike — part of the design is missing and part of the blank is empty.
- Multiple strikes and overstrikes — design elements appear twice, or over another design.
- Clipped planchet — a curved or straight “bite” missing from the edge, with the rim fading near the clip.
- Die cracks and cuds — raised lines or blobs where the die cracked or broke.
- Doubled die — clear, rounded doubling of letters or numbers, usually on the obverse.
- Repunched or over mint marks — a mint mark punched twice or over another letter.
What is not an error
- Machine doubling — flat, shelf-like doubling caused by die bounce. Very common and adds little or no value.
- Post-mint damage — dents, scratches, coins that were hammered, cut, plated, painted or heated.
- Strike-throughs vs debris — a strike-through was struck in; glued-on dirt was not.
- Altered coins — dates or mint marks changed on purpose to imitate a rarity.
Found something odd?
- Do not clean it (see why not to clean coins).
- Store it separately in a PVC-free holder.
- Take sharp close-up photos (how to photograph coins).
- Compare with references from grading services and ask a coin club or reputable dealer. For a possibly valuable piece, a grading service can attribute and authenticate it.
MintPriced may flag a possible variety or error as a hint, but this always needs an expert check.
Sources and further reading
Related question in the coin FAQ: Is my doubled-looking coin an error?
General information, not financial or appraisal advice. Values depend on condition and the buyer; ask a qualified dealer or grading service before buying or selling.